Articles

Style & Format

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In general, p values tell readers only whether any difference between groups, relationship, etc., is likely to be due to chance or to the variable(s) you are studying…
The correct way to report p values
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Scientific writing often uses a few Latin phrases, either abbreviated (etc. for et cetera and et al. for et alii) or spelt out (in vitro, in vivo, in situ). Should they…
Latin phrases in scientific writing: italics or not
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When writing a research paper, you have to consider several matters of style. This article discusses the use of abbreviations and numbers in academic writing. …
Scientific writing: Avoid starting sentences with a number or abbreviation
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The use of figures and tables as adjuncts to text is common in research papers. These adjuncts supplement the text: figures, for example, can convey information that may…
Avoid instructions such as "See Table 2" and "Refer to Figure 6"
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In a list of bullet points, whether each item begins with a capital letter depends on the punctuation mark that comes before the item. A capital letter typically marks…
Scientific writing: Tips on capitalization in bullet point lists
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Tables and figures, although important components of many research papers, are just that—components; you can publish a paper without them but you cannot publish tables…
Referring to tables and figures in text
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Among the many ways in which journals differ in the way, they expect authors to format references is the way names of journals are given: whether spelled out in full or…
Handling abbreviations of journal names in references
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Mistakes in representing numbers and units of measurement can leave scope for misinterpretation of your data. This article will help you understand the common mistakes…
5 Common errors in representing numbers and units of measurement
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This article covers the basic points of style authors should note while using the names of species in research papers. 
4 Style tips for presenting scientific names of organisms in academic writing
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With modern word processors, we no longer have to make do with the same key for lowercase ‘l’ and numeral ‘1’ (as those who have used old portable typewriters may recall…