
{"id":1941,"date":"2013-11-02T08:27:14","date_gmt":"2013-11-02T08:27:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.editage.com\/insights\/duplicate-publications-and-simultaneous-submissions\/"},"modified":"2025-04-04T11:32:35","modified_gmt":"2025-04-04T11:32:35","slug":"duplicate-publications-and-simultaneous-submissions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.editage.com\/insights\/duplicate-publications-and-simultaneous-submissions","title":{"rendered":"Duplicate publications and simultaneous submissions"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><strong><span style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: GandhiSansRegular;\">Introduction<\/span><\/strong><br style=\"font-family: GandhiSansRegular; font-size: 14px;\" \/><span class=\"nb\" style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: GandhiSansRegular;\">Ethical research<\/span><span style=\"font-family: GandhiSansRegular;\">\u00a0and publication practices are essential for honest scholarly and scientific research. Most journals today are keenly aware of this: they create policies<\/span><sup style=\"font-family: GandhiSansRegular;\">1-6<\/sup><span style=\"font-family: GandhiSansRegular;\">\u00a0on these issues and expect authors to \u201cbe aware of, and comply with, best practice in publication ethics\u201d<\/span><sup style=\"font-family: GandhiSansRegular;\">5<\/sup><span style=\"font-family: GandhiSansRegular;\">.This article discusses two widespread and related publishing practices that are considered unethical\u2014duplicate publication and simultaneous submission. It draws on definitive international publication ethics guidelines.<\/span><sup style=\"font-family: GandhiSansRegular;\">7-10<\/sup><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"media-element file-default\" style=\"float: right; margin-left: 5px; margin-right: 5px;\" title=\"Duplicate publication case study\" src=\"http:\/\/insights.cactusglobal.com\/sites\/default\/files\/Duplicate%20publication%20case%20study.png\" alt=\"Duplicate publication case study\" \/><\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><strong><span style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: GandhiSansRegular;\">Duplicate publication<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-family: GandhiSansRegular;\">Duplicate (or redundant) publication is the publication of a paper that is<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-family: GandhiSansRegular;\">\u00a0substantially similar to a published paper by the same author, without acknowledging the source and without obtaining the perm<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-family: GandhiSansRegular;\">ission of the original copyright holder.<\/span><sup style=\"font-family: GandhiSansRegular;\">7,11,12\u00a0<\/sup><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-family: GandhiSansRegular;\">There may be superfluous differences between the original and the second paper, such as a new title or a modified abstract, but the data set and findings stay the same.<\/span><sup style=\"font-family: GandhiSansRegular;\">13<\/sup><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong style=\"font-size: 12px;\">Why is duplicate publication a problem?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"nb\" style=\"font-size: 14px; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: GandhiSansRegular;\">Republication<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-family: GandhiSansRegular;\">\u00a0of a paper without permission and\/or acknowledgment is a serious breach of publishing ethics, for the following reasons:.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<ul class=\"listbull\" style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-left: 0px; font-family: GandhiSansRegular; font-size: 13px; list-style: none;\">\n<li style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 28px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: lower-alpha; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">It violates copyright as in most cases, the copyright for the paper lies with the journal and not with the authors; thus, the authors are not free to republish the paper.<sup>11,12<\/sup><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 28px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: lower-alpha; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">It could distort empirical evidence because researchers studying the subject may erroneously count the same set of results twice (because the results are presented in two separate papers).<sup>7<\/sup>As empirical studies form the basis for policies and other medical\/scientific decisions, this is a serious problem.<sup>13<\/sup><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 28px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: lower-alpha; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">It amounts to \u201cself-plagiarism,\u201d because it involves the use of material from another work, without attribution.<sup>14<\/sup><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 28px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: lower-alpha; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">It leads to a waste of editorial and review resources.<sup>7,13<\/sup><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 28px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: lower-alpha; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">It denies other authors the chance to publish their work by unjustly taking up limited\/competitive journal space.<sup>13<\/sup><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 28px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: lower-alpha; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">It is a \u201csign of poor scholarship\u201d<sup>12<\/sup>\u00a0and may indicate that the \u201cstudy contributes only marginally to the literature.\u201d<sup>9<\/sup><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: GandhiSansRegular;\">What do journals and ethical guidelines have to say about the issue?\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-family: GandhiSansRegular;\">Ethical and editorial committees<sup>7-9, 15,16<\/sup>and academic journals <sup>1-3,5,6,17<\/sup> explicitly instruct authors not to submit papers or variations of papers on studies that have already been published elsewhere. Several journals have stringent policies that require authors to send copies of older, related articles along with the submitted paper<sup>2,3,12<\/sup> if the study findings and subjects overlap. Some journals are very specific and require that this be done when the overlap is more than a certain percent.<sup>2<\/sup> Others permit only a few identical sentences; previously published results or larger portions of text taken verbatim from the author\u2019s older publications, without acknowledgment, are not accepted.<sup>17<\/sup><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><!--pagebreak--><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: GandhiSansRegular;\">However,\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"nb\" style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: GandhiSansRegular;\">republication<\/span><span style=\"font-family: GandhiSansRegular;\">\u00a0is permitted<\/span><sup style=\"font-family: GandhiSansRegular;\">1,7,8\u00a0<\/sup><span style=\"font-family: GandhiSansRegular;\">in the case of specific article types. These are:<\/span><\/strong><\/span><br style=\"font-family: GandhiSansRegular; font-size: 14px;\" \/><\/p>\n<ul class=\"listbull ovf-hidden\" style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-left: 0px; font-family: GandhiSansRegular; font-size: 13px; list-style: none;\">\n<li style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 28px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: lower-alpha; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">A complete paper, that follows up on a published preliminary report (e.g., an abstract, poster, or conference presentation)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 28px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: lower-alpha; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">A paper listing guidelines prepared by professional societies or governmental agencies, which need to be disseminated to a wide and varied readership<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 28px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: lower-alpha; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">A paper that substantially re-analyses the study findings or re-interprets the results for a different audience<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 28px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: lower-alpha; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">A translation of the original paper<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 28px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: lower-alpha; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">In some fields like physics, authors are allowed to post their papers in e-print repositories (notably, at arXiv.org)<\/span><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"media-element file-default\" style=\"float: right;\" title=\"Duplicate publication consequences\" src=\"http:\/\/insights.cactusglobal.com\/sites\/default\/files\/Duplicate%20publication%20consequences.png\" alt=\"Duplicate publication consequences\" \/><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: GandhiSansRegular;\">While these exceptions can be made, authors must adhere to the following guidelines<sup>7,8<\/sup> in these cases as well:<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul class=\"listbull\" style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-left: 0px; font-family: GandhiSansRegular; font-size: 13px; list-style: none;\">\n<li style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 28px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: lower-alpha; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">Obtain permission from the copyright holders.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 28px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: lower-alpha; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">Get approval from the editor of the journal in which the paper was first published and the editor of the journal in which it will be republished.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 28px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: lower-alpha; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">Acknowledge that the paper has been republished in totality or is based on a previously published paper and provide the full citation for the primary publication.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><br style=\"font-family: GandhiSansRegular; font-size: 14px;\" \/><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: GandhiSansRegular;\">Dos and don\u2019ts for authors<\/span><sup style=\"font-family: GandhiSansRegular;\">7,15<\/sup><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul class=\"listbull\" style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-left: 0px; font-family: GandhiSansRegular; font-size: 13px; list-style: none;\">\n<li style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 28px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: lower-alpha; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">Do not replicate content from any of your other published papers.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 28px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: lower-alpha; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">Do not offer preliminary reports about unpublished papers to the media, companies, or other agencies, without the permission of the journal.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 28px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: lower-alpha; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">When quoting material from your previously published work, do not include more than a few sentences from the older work. Also, place the text in quotation marks and cite the source<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 28px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: lower-alpha; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">When using a single dataset to write more than one manuscript, ensure that<\/span>\n<ul style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-left: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style: none;\">\n<li style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 28px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: lower-alpha;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">each manuscript addresses separate and important questions<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 28px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: lower-alpha;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">the manuscripts are cross-referenced<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 28px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: lower-alpha;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">you inform the journal editors about this matter in a cover letter<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 28px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: lower-alpha; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">If you have published related papers, provide details of these papers to the journal editor at the time of submission. Include copies of these papers with the submitted manuscript. This will ensure full transparency and will help the editor make the right decision.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 28px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: lower-alpha; text-align: justify;\">\n<p style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 28px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: lower-alpha; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: GandhiSansRegular; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit;\">Simultaneous submission<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 28px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: lower-alpha; text-align: justify;\"><br style=\"font-family: GandhiSansRegular; font-size: 14px;\" \/><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-family: GandhiSansRegular;\">Simultaneous submission refers to the \u201cpractice of submitting the same manuscript to two or more journals at the same time\u201d<sup>1<\/sup> without informing the journal editor that the manuscript has been submitted elsewhere. It has also been termed multiple submissions or dual submission. While duplicate publication involves the submission of a<\/span><span style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: GandhiSansRegular;\">\u00a0previously published manuscript<\/span><span style=\"font-family: GandhiSansRegular;\">\u00a0to another journal, simultaneous submission involves the submission of a manuscript that is\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: GandhiSansRegular;\">under consideration<\/span><span style=\"font-family: GandhiSansRegular;\">\u00a0at another journal.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><br style=\"font-family: GandhiSansRegular; font-size: 14px;\" \/><br style=\"font-family: GandhiSansRegular; font-size: 14px;\" \/><!--pagebreak--><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: GandhiSansRegular;\">Why is simultaneous submission a problem?<\/span><\/strong><\/span><br style=\"font-family: GandhiSansRegular; font-size: 14px;\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 28px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: lower-alpha; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.44444465637207px; font-family: GandhiSansRegular;\">Although some researchers argue that this practice is not dishonest and is merely a way to counter the long-drawn-out journal publication process,<\/span><sup style=\"font-family: GandhiSansRegular;\">18<\/sup><span style=\"font-size: 14.44444465637207px; font-family: GandhiSansRegular;\">\u00a0journals consider it to be \u201cunethical publishing behavior\u201d<\/span><sup style=\"font-family: GandhiSansRegular;\">1<\/sup><span style=\"font-size: 14.44444465637207px; font-family: GandhiSansRegular;\">\u00a0for the following reasons:<\/span><sup style=\"font-family: GandhiSansRegular;\">7,9<\/sup><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-family: GandhiSansRegular;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 28px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: lower-alpha; text-align: justify;\">\n<p style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 28px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: lower-alpha; text-align: justify;\">\n<ul class=\"listbull\" style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-left: 0px; font-family: GandhiSansRegular; font-size: 13px; list-style: none;\">\n<li style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 28px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: lower-alpha; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">A copyright violation or a copyright dispute could ensue, if more than one journal decides to publish the paper.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 28px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: lower-alpha; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">It leads to a waste of academic and scientific resources as two (or more) journals would spend time and money on carrying out the same production tasks.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 28px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: lower-alpha; text-align: justify;\"><br style=\"font-family: GandhiSansRegular; font-size: 14px;\" \/><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-family: GandhiSansRegular;\">However, in some exceptional cases, multiple submissions may be allowed, provided the authors have notified editors of all the journals involved about the concurrent submission. These exceptions are listed below:\u00a0<\/span><\/span><br style=\"font-family: GandhiSansRegular; font-size: 14px;\" \/><\/p>\n<ul class=\"listbull\" style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-left: 0px; font-family: GandhiSansRegular; font-size: 13px; list-style: none;\">\n<li style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 28px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: lower-alpha; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">When the editors of the 2 (or more) journals agree to simultaneously or jointly publish the paper, because doing so is in the best interest of society at large.<sup>7,15<\/sup><\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 28px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: lower-alpha; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">When scholarly or scientific conferences explicitly authorize authors to simultaneously submit papers to other meetings with overlapping submission periods.<sup>19<\/sup><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 28px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: lower-alpha; text-align: justify;\"><br style=\"font-family: GandhiSansRegular; font-size: 14px;\" \/><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: GandhiSansRegular;\">Dos and don\u2019ts for authors\u00a0<\/span><sup style=\"font-family: GandhiSansRegular;\">3,9,15<\/sup><span style=\"font-family: GandhiSansRegular;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 28px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: lower-alpha; text-align: justify;\">\n<ul class=\"listbull\" style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-left: 0px; font-family: GandhiSansRegular; font-size: 13px; list-style: none;\">\n<li style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 28px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: lower-alpha; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">Do not submit the same manuscript to more than one journal.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 28px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: lower-alpha; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">If you wish to submit a paper that is \u201cunder consideration\u201d at one journal to another journal:<\/span>\n<ul style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-left: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style: none;\">\n<li style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 28px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: lower-alpha;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">Get written consent from your co-authors.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 28px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: lower-alpha;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">Write to the first journal editor about this, asking that the paper be withdrawn.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 28px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: lower-alpha;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">Get a formal notification from the first journal editor that the paper has been withdrawn from consideration.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 28px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: lower-alpha;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">Preserve this notification and present it to the second journal at the time of submission.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 28px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: lower-alpha; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">If you have written 2 related papers and wish to submit them to 2 different journals:<\/span>\n<ul style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-left: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style: none;\">\n<li style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 28px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: lower-alpha;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">Disclose the details of each paper to both journals.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 28px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: lower-alpha;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">Inform the editors that you have a similar paper under review at another journal (even if these papers are written in different languages).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 28px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: lower-alpha;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">Enclose copies of these papers along with your submission.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 28px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: lower-alpha; text-align: justify;\"><br style=\"font-family: GandhiSansRegular; font-size: 14px;\" \/><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span class=\"sub-hd\" style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: GandhiSansRegular; font-weight: bold; line-height: 40px;\">Conclusion<\/span><\/span><br style=\"font-family: GandhiSansRegular; font-size: 14px;\" \/><span style=\"font-family: GandhiSansRegular;\">Authors must be careful not to attempt duplicate publication and simultaneous submission. Apart from the fact that these practices are serious violations of copyright laws and that they can dent the integrity of scientific literature, they are also viewed as \u201cviolations of authorial integrity\u201d<sup>17 <\/sup>and can reflect poorly on an author\u2019s honesty and scholarly abilities. We recommend, therefore, that authors study the resources listed in the reference list below and read through relevant case studies<sup>20<\/sup> so that they are able to understand and follow ethical submission practices.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/div>\n<p style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 28px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: lower-alpha; text-align: justify;\">\n<div>\n<div id=\"opedit2close\" style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: GandhiSansRegular; font-size: 14px;\">\n<div class=\"opHeading sub-hd\" style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 15px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: bold; line-height: 40px; color: #008ae0; text-align: justify;\"><a style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; line-height: inherit;\">Bibliography<\/a><\/div>\n<p style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 20px; padding: 3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: decimal; text-align: justify;\">1. Elsevier.Ethical Guidelines for Journal Publication.[Accessed: Aug 10, 2011] Available from:\u00a0<a style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; color: #1b609a;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/wps\/find\/intro.cws_home\/ethical_guidelines\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/wps\/find\/intro.cws_home\/ethical_guidelines<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 20px; padding: 3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: decimal; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit;\">2. BMJ Publishing Group. Scientific Misconduct. [Accessed: Aug 10, 2011] Available from:\u00a0<\/span><a style=\"font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #1b609a;\" href=\"http:\/\/resources.bmj.com\/bmj\/authors\/editorial-policies\/scientific-misconduct\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/resources.bmj.com\/bmj\/authors\/editorial-policies\/scientific-misconduct<\/a><span style=\"font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 20px; padding: 3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: decimal; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit;\">3. Nature Publishing Group. Guide to Publication Policies of the Nature Journals. [Accessed: Aug 10, 2011] Available from:\u00a0<\/span><a style=\"font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #1b609a;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/authors\/policies\/publication.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.nature.com\/authors\/policies\/publication.html<\/a><span style=\"font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 20px; padding: 3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: decimal; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit;\">4. Sage Publications. Ethics and Responsibility. [Accessed: Aug 10, 2011] Available from:\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/us.sagepub.com\/en-us\/nam\/ethics-responsibility\">http:\/\/us.sagepub.com\/en-us\/nam\/ethics-responsibility<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 20px; padding: 3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: decimal; text-align: justify;\">5. PloS.org. PLoS Editorial and Publishing Policies.[Accessed: Aug 10, 2011] Available from:\u00a0<a style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; color: #1b609a;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.plosone.org\/static\/policies.action\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.plosone.org\/static\/policies.action<\/a>.<br \/>\n6. ACS Publications.Ethical Guidelines to Publication of Chemical Research.[Accessed: Aug 10, 2011] Available from: <a href=\"http:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/userimages\/ContentEditor\/1218054468605\/ethics.pdf\">http:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/userimages\/ContentEditor\/1218054468605\/ethics.pdf<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><!--pagebreak--><\/p>\n<p style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 20px; padding: 3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: decimal; text-align: justify;\">7. International Committee of Medical Journal Editors. Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals: Writing and Editing for Biomedical Publications.[Accessed: Aug 10, 2011] Available from: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.icmje.org\/recommendations\/\">http:\/\/www.icmje.org\/recommendations\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 20px; padding: 3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: decimal; text-align: justify;\">8. The International Society for Medical Publication Professionals.Good Publication Practice for Communicating Company Sponsored Medical Research: The GPP2 Guidelines.[Accessed: Aug 10, 2011] Available from:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ismpp.memberclicks.net\/gpp2\">https:\/\/ismpp.memberclicks.net\/gpp2<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 20px; padding: 3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: decimal; text-align: justify;\">9. Council of Science Editors.CSE&#8217;s White Paper on Promoting Integrity in Scientific Journal Publications, 2009 Update.[Accessed: Aug 10, 2011] Available from:\u00a0<a style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; color: #1b609a;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.editage.com\/insights\/tutorials\/publication-ethics\/www.councilscienceed-itors.org\/files\/public\/entire_whitepaper.pdf\">www.councilscienceed-itors.org\/files\/public\/entire_whitepaper.pdf<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 20px; padding: 3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: decimal; text-align: justify;\">10. Committee on Publication Ethics.Code of Conduct for Journal Editors. [Accessed: Aug 10, 2011] Available from:\u00a0<a style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; color: #1b609a;\" href=\"http:\/\/publicationethics.org\/files\/Code_of_conduct_for_journal_editors_Mar11.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/publicationethics.org\/files\/Code_of_conduct_for_journal_editors_Mar11.pdf<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 20px; padding: 3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: decimal; text-align: justify;\">11. Morse JM, 2007. Duplicate Publication. Qualitative Health Research, 17(10): 1307\u20131308.<br \/>\n12. Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics. Plagiarism, Duplicate Publication, and Other Suspected Author, Editor, or Referee Misconduct. [Accessed: Aug 10, 2011] Available from:\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/citeseerx.ist.psu.edu\/viewdoc\/download?doi=10.1.1.220.5979&amp;rep=rep1&amp;type=pdf\">http:\/\/citeseerx.ist.psu.edu\/viewdoc\/download?doi=10.1.1.220.5979&amp;rep=re&#8230;<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 20px; padding: 3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: decimal; text-align: justify;\">13. Roig M. Avoiding Plagiarism, Self-plagiarism, and Other Questionable Writing Practices: A Guide to Ethical Writing. [Accessed: Aug 10, 2011] Available from:\u00a0<a style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; color: #1b609a;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cse.msu.edu\/~alexliu\/plagiarism.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.cse.msu.edu\/~alexliu\/plagiarism.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 20px; padding: 3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: decimal; text-align: justify;\">14.\u00a0<a style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; color: #1b609a;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cse.msu.edu\/~alexliu\/plagiarism.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Editorial, 2009:Combating Plagiarism. Nature Photonics, 3; 237. [Accessed: Aug 10, 2011] Available from:\u00a0<\/a><a style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; color: #1b609a;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/nphoton\/journal\/v3\/n5\/full\/nphoton.2009.48.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.nature.com\/nphoton\/journal\/v3\/n5\/full\/nphoton.2009.48.html<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 20px; padding: 3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: decimal; text-align: justify;\">15.\u00a0World Association of Medical Editors. Publication Ethics Policies for Medical Journals. [Accessed: Aug 10, 2011] Available from:\u00a0<a style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; color: #1b609a;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.wame.org\/resources\/publication-ethics-policies-for-medical-journals\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.wame.org\/resources\/publication-ethics-policies-for-medical-journals<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 20px; padding: 3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: decimal; text-align: justify;\">16. Committee on Publication Ethics. What to Do If You Suspect Redundant (Duplicate) Publication. [Accessed: Aug 10, 2011] Available from:\u00a0<a style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; color: #1b609a;\" href=\"http:\/\/publicationethics.org\/files\/u2\/01B_Redundant_Published.pdf\">http:\/\/publicationethics.org\/files\/u2\/01B_Redundant_Published.pdf<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; color: #1b609a;\" href=\"http:\/\/publicationethics.org\/files\/u2\/01A_Redundant_Submitted.pdf\">http:\/\/publicationethics.org\/files\/u2\/01A_Redundant_Submitted.pdf<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 20px; padding: 3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: decimal; text-align: justify;\">17. Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics. Authorial Integrity in Scientific Publication. [Accessed: Aug 10, 2011] Available from:\u00a0<a style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; color: #1b609a;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.siam.org\/journals\/plagiarism.php\">http:\/\/www.siam.org\/journals\/plagiarism.php<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 20px; padding: 3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: decimal; text-align: justify;\">18. Torgerson DJ, Adamson J, Cockayne S, Dumville Jo, Petherick E, 2005. Submission to Multiple Journals: A Method of Reducing Time to Publication? British Medical Journal, 330(7486):305\u2013307.<\/p>\n<p style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 20px; padding: 3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: decimal; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit;\">19. Association for Computing Machinery. Policy on Prior Publication and\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"nb\" style=\"font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\">Simultaneous Submissions<\/span><span style=\"font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit;\">. [Accessed: Aug 10, 2011] Available from:\u00a0<\/span><a style=\"font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: #1b609a;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/sim_submissions\/\">http:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/sim_submissions\/<\/a><span style=\"font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px 0px 0px 20px; padding: 3px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; list-style-type: decimal; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit;\">20. Elsevier. Decision Trees: Multiple, Duplicate, Concurrent Publication\/Simultaneous Submission. [Accessed: Aug 10, 2011] Available from:\u00a0<a style=\"border: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; line-height: inherit; color: #1b609a;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/wps\/find\/editorshome.editors\/3_Multiple_publication\">http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/wps\/find\/editorshome.editors\/3_Multiple_publication<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>IntroductionEthical research\u00a0and publication practices are essential for honest scholarly and scientific research. Most journals today are keenly aware of this: they create policies1-6\u00a0on these issues and expect authors to \u201cbe aware of, and comply with, best practice in publication ethics\u201d5.This article discusses two widespread and related publishing practices that are considered unethical\u2014duplicate publication and simultaneous [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":33313,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2364],"tags":[144,2581],"new_categories":[],"new_tags":[],"series":[2785],"class_list":["post-1941","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-duplicate-submission","tag-duplicate-submission","tag-ethics-of-research","series-duplicate-submission"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Duplicate publications and simultaneous submissions | Editage Insights<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Ethical research and publication practices are essential for honest scholarly and scientific research. Most journals today are keenly aware of this\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.editage.com\/insights\/duplicate-publications-and-simultaneous-submissions\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Duplicate publications and simultaneous submissions | Editage Insights\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ethical research and publication practices are essential for honest scholarly and scientific research. 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