{"id":1967,"date":"2014-02-26T13:27:20","date_gmt":"2014-02-26T13:27:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.editage.com\/insights\/sensitivity-in-scientific-writing\/"},"modified":"2025-02-18T07:13:32","modified_gmt":"2025-02-18T07:13:32","slug":"sensitivity-in-scientific-writing","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.editage.com\/insights\/sensitivity-in-scientific-writing","title":{"rendered":"Sensitivity in scientific writing"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size:14px;\"><span style=\"font-family:verdana,geneva,sans-serif;\">Scientific writing is all about being accurate, brief, and objective, and as editors or writers, we should reduce the bias that creeps in from the use of insensitive language and flawed terminology. Remember that writing shapes thought, so use inclusive language when writing about the following subjects.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size:14px;\"><span style=\"font-family:verdana,geneva,sans-serif;\"><strong>1. Disability:\u00a0<\/strong>Use &#8220;people-first&#8221; language &#8211; emphasize the person and not the disability by placing the person-noun before the condition (for example, <em>people with amnesia<\/em> instead of <em>amnesiacs<\/em>, or <em>people with disabilities<\/em> instead of <em>the disabled<\/em>). <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size:14px;\"><span style=\"font-family:verdana,geneva,sans-serif;\">Avoid emotionally charged or judgmental words such as <em>cripple<\/em>, <em>victim<\/em>, <em>deformed<\/em>, <em>retarded<\/em>, <em>confined<\/em>, <em>suffer<\/em>, and <em>afflicted<\/em> with (for example, avoid <em>quadriplegic victim confined to a wheelchair<\/em> and use <em>person with quadriplegia who uses a wheelchair<\/em> instead). Also, do not use skewed groupings such as <em>Normal vs. Disabled<\/em>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size:14px;\"><span style=\"font-family:verdana,geneva,sans-serif;\"><strong>2. Sex\/gender:<\/strong>\u00a0Sex refers to the biological make-up of a person (male\/female), whereas <em>gender<\/em> refers to the social or behavioral role associated with a particular sex (man\/woman), and this distinction should be made if required by the research study design. Gender terms such as <em>he<\/em> or <em>men<\/em> should not be used if actually referring to both men and women (not all nurses are women and not all doctors men, and only approximately 50% of humankind is mankind!). <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size:14px;\"><span style=\"font-family:verdana,geneva,sans-serif;\">A sexist bias introduced by gendered pronouns such as he can be avoided by (1) using plural nouns or pronouns ( &#8220;As an engineering student, he&#8230;&#8221; to &#8220;As engineering students, they&#8230;&#8221;), (2) rephrasing ( &#8220;When an intern works with patients, she gains experience&#8221; to &#8220;Working with patients lends experience to interns&#8221;), or (3) replacing the pronoun with an\u00a0 article or noun (e.g., &#8220;In the laboratory, he should&#8230;&#8221; to &#8220;In the laboratory, the technician should&#8230;&#8221;).<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size:14px;\"><span style=\"font-family:verdana,geneva,sans-serif;\"><strong>3. Race:<\/strong>\u00a0Race can be a predisposing factor for certain medical conditions, so accurate race and ethnic designations should be made if warranted and terms that may be perceived as negative avoided. <em>Race<\/em> indicates the heritage or biological features one is born with, and <em>ethnicity<\/em> the cultural traditions and behaviors that are learnt. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size:14px;\"><span style=\"font-family:verdana,geneva,sans-serif;\">Race and ethnic groups are proper nouns and should be capitalized. Both <em>African-American<\/em> (only for US citizens of African descent) and <em>Black<\/em> are acceptable; <em>Asian<\/em> has replaced <em>Oriental<\/em>; and both <em>American Indian<\/em> and <em>Native American<\/em> are acceptable. If possible, specify the countries of origin (for example, Korean, Japanese, or Indian for Asian). <em>Non-White<\/em> is an incorrect term; instead, specify all races not included under the category <em>White<\/em>.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size:14px;\"><span style=\"font-family:verdana,geneva,sans-serif;\"><strong>4. Age:<\/strong>\u00a0In pediatric studies, age-groups such as <em>infants<\/em>, <em>children<\/em>, <em>adolescents<\/em>, and <em>young adults<\/em> are used, but age ranges vary by study and should be specified. <em>Men<\/em> and <em>women<\/em> are used for individuals 18 years and older. <em>Elderly<\/em> is not acceptable as a noun; use <em>older persons<\/em> or <em>elderly people<\/em>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size:14px;\"><span style=\"font-family:verdana,geneva,sans-serif;\"><strong>5. Sexual orientation:\u00a0<\/strong><em>Sexual orientation<\/em> is preferred to <em>sexual preference<\/em> in scientific reporting. Use <em>lesbians<\/em> and <em>gay men<\/em> instead of <em>homosexuals<\/em>, and include gender if not clear from context (for example, <em>gay men<\/em> and not <em>just gay<\/em>). Differentiate <em>sexual behavior<\/em> from <em>sexual orientation<\/em>, as some individuals engage in sexual activity with same-sex partners, but do not consider themselves gay or lesbian.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size:14px;\"><span style=\"font-family:verdana,geneva,sans-serif;\">You can also read <a href=\"https:\/\/www.editage.com\/insights\/can-the-first-person-i-and-we-be-used-in-scientific-writing\">this<\/a> article, which will guide you in writing a better research paper. \u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Scientific writing is all about being accurate, brief, and objective, and as editors or writers, we should reduce the bias that creeps in from the use of insensitive language and flawed terminology. Remember that writing shapes thought, so use inclusive language when writing about the following subjects. 1. Disability:\u00a0Use &#8220;people-first&#8221; language &#8211; emphasize the person [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":33313,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2375],"tags":[2605,212],"new_categories":[],"new_tags":[],"series":[],"class_list":["post-1967","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-grammar-language","tag-academic-writing","tag-language-tips"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Sensitivity in scientific writing | Editage Insights<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Scientific writing is all about being accurate, brief, and objective, and as editors or writers, we should reduce the bias that creeps in from the use of insensitive language and flawed terminology. 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