{"id":3886,"date":"2022-04-19T09:03:18","date_gmt":"2022-04-19T09:03:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.editage.com\/insights\/china-tightens-rules-for-genetic-research\/"},"modified":"2025-01-15T06:25:56","modified_gmt":"2025-01-15T06:25:56","slug":"china-tightens-rules-for-genetic-research","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.editage.com\/insights\/china-tightens-rules-for-genetic-research","title":{"rendered":"China tightens rules for genetic research"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align:justify; margin:0cm 0cm 8pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:107%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\">In 2018, He Jiankui, an associate professor at a university in Shenzhen, China, was arrested for having purportedly created the world\u2019s first genetically edited babies using the CRISPR gene-editing technique, in an ethically questionable manner. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify; margin:0cm 0cm 8pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:107%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\">In the face of criticism of Jiankui\u2019s work from the global scientific community, a Chinese court sentenced him to a three-year imprisonment and began formulating stricter ethical guidelines for research related to genetics. In 2019, some of these guidelines were issued but implemented poorly. Joy Zhang, University of Kent, UK even stated \u201clack of enforcement\u201d (not laws) as the reason why Jiankai\u2019s work was even conducted in the first place.<sup> 1<\/sup><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify; margin:0cm 0cm 8pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:107%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\">Now, on 21 March, 2022, the Chinese government has issued a stricter set of ethical guidelines<sup>2<\/sup> for research in human and animal genetics\u2014a subject of high interest to Chinese researchers who are concerned about the global reputation of Chinese science with respect to bioethics. The primary aims are to enhance the ethics system, supervise genetic research closely, maintain transparency, and ensure that only highly ethical research is being published. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify; margin:0cm 0cm 8pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:107%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><b>What major changes will be made?<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify; margin:0cm 0cm 8pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:107%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\">These aims will be achieved by ensuring that Chinese authorities have firm control on gene banks and genetic information, putting a ban on exporting human genetic resources, and prohibiting foreign elements (individual researchers, universities, agencies) from attaining these resources.<sup>2<\/sup> In other words, no human genetic materials or human genetic resource information will move out of the country, nor will any non-Chinese researcher or organization get access to these. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify; margin:0cm 0cm 8pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:107%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\">Ethical reviews and supervision processes will be made stricter. The government has advised Chinese institutions and universities to set up bodies to monitor human- and animal-related research activities and ensure that the research work is \u201cindependent, just and transparent.\u201d<sup>1<\/sup> They have encouraged universities to include ethics education in their undergraduate and graduate programs. They have also asked them to track and flag any early signs of unethical practices.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify; margin:0cm 0cm 8pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:107%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><b>What does it mean for international collaborations?<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify; margin:0cm 0cm 8pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:107%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\">According to Yves Moreau, a computational biologist for genomic medicine, Belgium, \u201cgenetic data is the new oil to manage and defend in a geopolitical manner and support its economy.\u201d<sup>1<\/sup><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify; margin:0cm 0cm 8pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:107%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\">Moreau explained that as per the guidelines, international collaborations between Chinese researchers and foreign researchers\/institutes will be possible if the foreign body provides the data\u2019s copy and its backup to the Chinese body it has collaborated with (thus, indirectly to the government). <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify; margin:0cm 0cm 8pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:107%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\">\u201cIt is rather positive that in these regulations there are a number of mechanisms that clarify the process by which the data can, under appropriate circumstances, be moved out of the country, and that will give a form of legal certainty to, for example, Chinese researchers to collaborate with foreign partners,\u201d<sup>1<\/sup> without flouting China\u2019s ethical guidelines, stated Moreau. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify; margin:0cm 0cm 8pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:107%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\">Referring to its genetic resources as \u201cstrategic,\u201d the Chinese government made it clear that by greater involvement in and control of the country\u2019s genetic research will leverage the country\u2019s position in genetic research and any international collaboration in this field. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify; margin:0cm 0cm 8pt\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0cm 0cm 8pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:107%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><b><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size:14.0pt\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\"><span style=\"line-height:107%\">References<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0cm 0cm 8pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:107%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\">1. New genetic research rules: What impact on collaboration? <i>University World News<\/i>. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.universityworldnews.com\/post.php?story=20220407145532404\" style=\"color:#0563c1; text-decoration:underline\">https:\/\/www.universityworldnews.com\/post.php?story=20220407145532404<\/a> (7 April, 2022).<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0cm 0cm 8pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:107%\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\">2. The General Office of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the General Office of the State Council issued the &#8220;Opinions on Strengthening the Ethical Governance of Science and Technology&#8221;. <i>Xinhua News Agency<\/i>. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.gov.cn\/zhengce\/2022-03\/20\/content_5680105.htm\" style=\"color:#0563c1; text-decoration:underline\">http:\/\/www.gov.cn\/zhengce\/2022-03\/20\/content_5680105.htm<\/a> (20 March, 2022).<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0cm 0cm 8pt\">\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In 2018, He Jiankui, an associate professor at a university in Shenzhen, China, was arrested for having purportedly created the world\u2019s first genetically edited babies using the CRISPR gene-editing technique, in an ethically questionable manner. In the face of criticism of Jiankui\u2019s work from the global scientific community, a Chinese court sentenced him to a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2646,"featured_media":33313,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2418],"tags":[50,2519,99,2581],"new_categories":[],"new_tags":[],"series":[],"class_list":["post-3886","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-research-ethics","tag-china","tag-ethicalconsent","tag-ethical-guidelines","tag-ethics-of-research"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>China tightens rules for genetic research<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"On 21 March, 2022, the Chinese government has issued a stricter set of ethical guidelines2 for research in human and animal genetics. 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