
{"id":4150,"date":"2023-04-04T12:05:34","date_gmt":"2023-04-04T12:05:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.editage.com\/insights\/5-statistical-terms-that-biomedical-researchers-need-to-use-carefully\/"},"modified":"2025-01-15T06:21:07","modified_gmt":"2025-01-15T06:21:07","slug":"5-statistical-terms-that-biomedical-researchers-need-to-use-carefully","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.editage.com\/insights\/5-statistical-terms-that-biomedical-researchers-need-to-use-carefully","title":{"rendered":"5 Statistical terms that biomedical researchers need to use carefully"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"margin-bottom:0cm; text-align:justify; margin:0cm 0cm 8pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"text-justify:inter-ideograph\"><span style=\"line-height:normal\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><span style=\"color:black\">As a biomedical researcher, it is crucial to use statistical terms carefully to avoid misinterpretation of data. In this blog post, we will discuss five terms that researchers need to use with caution, to ensure that readers accurately understand their findings and are not misled. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom:0cm; text-align:justify; margin:0cm 0cm 8pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"text-justify:inter-ideograph\"><span style=\"line-height:normal\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><b><span style=\"color:black\">1. Normal<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom:0cm; text-align:justify; margin:0cm 0cm 8pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"text-justify:inter-ideograph\"><span style=\"line-height:normal\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><span style=\"color:black\">The term &#8220;normal&#8221; in statistics refers to a normal distribution, also known as a Gaussian distribution. A normal distribution is a bell-shaped curve that describes the probability distribution of a continuous random variable. However, the term &#8220;normal&#8221; is often used loosely to mean &#8220;typical&#8221; or &#8220;usual.&#8221; It is important to avoid this usage as it can be misleading and lead to misinterpretation of data. For example, if we say that a patient&#8217;s blood pressure is normal, we could mean that it is within the range of values that are typical of the patient\u2019s age and sex, or we could mean that the values follow a Gaussian distribution. These are two very different interpretations, and it is crucial to be clear about which one we mean.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom:0cm; margin:0cm 0cm 8pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"text-justify:inter-ideograph\"><span style=\"line-height:normal\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><b><span style=\"color:black\">2. Random<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom:0cm; text-align:justify; margin:0cm 0cm 8pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"text-justify:inter-ideograph\"><span style=\"line-height:normal\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><span style=\"color:black\">The term &#8220;random&#8221; is often used to mean haphazard or arbitrary. However, in statistics, the term has a specific meaning. A random sample is a sample that is selected from a population in such a way that every member of the population has an equal chance of being selected. For example, if we say that we selected patients randomly for a clinical trial, we give readers the impression that we used a random sampling method (often involving the use of computer-generated random numbers). If we say that we assigned patients randomly to treatment groups, we imply that we used a computerized randomization procedure.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom:0cm; margin:0cm 0cm 8pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"text-justify:inter-ideograph\"><span style=\"line-height:normal\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><b><span style=\"color:black\">3. Average<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom:0cm; text-align:justify; margin:0cm 0cm 8pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"text-justify:inter-ideograph\"><span style=\"line-height:normal\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><span style=\"color:black\">The term &#8220;average&#8221; is often used to mean the arithmetic mean, which is the sum of a set of values divided by the number of values. However, \u201caverage\u201d is also used to mean \u201cmediocre\u201d. Thus, it\u2019s best to avoid terms like \u201cThe biomarker had average sensitivity\u201d and instead say something like \u201cThe mean sensitivity was XYZ\u201d or \u201cThe biomarker had low sensitivity\u201d. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom:0cm; text-align:justify; margin:0cm 0cm 8pt\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.editage.com\/services\/publishing-services-packs\/statistical-analysis?utm_source=Editage+Insights&amp;utm_medium=Editage+Insights&amp;utm_campaign=Editage+Insights_May&amp;utm_id=STARS+Banner\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Default Alt text\" class=\"media-element file-default\" title=\"Default Title Text\" src=\"https:\/\/insights.cactusglobal.com\/sites\/default\/files\/Ad%20Banners_Insights_656x250_04_fast%20publication%20with%20consultation_1.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom:0cm; margin:0cm 0cm 8pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"text-justify:inter-ideograph\"><span style=\"line-height:normal\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><b><span style=\"color:black\">4. Significant<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom:0cm; text-align:justify; margin:0cm 0cm 8pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"text-justify:inter-ideograph\"><span style=\"line-height:normal\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><span style=\"color:black\">The term &#8220;significant&#8221; is often used to mean important or meaningful. However, in statistics, the term has a specific meaning, in terms of <i>statistical significance <\/i>(i.e., a p value that is below the alpha). It is important to use the term &#8220;significant&#8221; correctly to avoid confusion. For example, you can say that a treatment had a \u201cstatistically significant\u201d effect on clinical outcomes or that this effect was \u201cclinically meaningful.\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom:0cm; margin:0cm 0cm 8pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"text-justify:inter-ideograph\"><span style=\"line-height:normal\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><b><span style=\"color:black\">5. Correlation<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom:0cm; text-align:justify; margin:0cm 0cm 8pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"text-justify:inter-ideograph\"><span style=\"line-height:normal\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><span style=\"color:black\">The term &#8220;correlation&#8221; in statistics refers to the relationship between two continuous variables. However, correlation does not imply causation. It is important to be clear about inferences we are drawing from a correlation analysis. For example, if we say that there is a positive correlation between alcohol intake and asthma severity, we mean that we found that participants with higher alcohol intake had more severe asthma. On the basis of a correlation coefficient alone, we can argue that asthma management programs should include a component that addresses alcohol intake, but we cannot make a statement like \u201calcohol consumption should be limited to prevent asthma\u201d because we are then implying that alcohol consumption <i>causes <\/i>asthma. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom:0cm; text-align:justify; margin:0cm 0cm 8pt\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom:0cm; text-align:justify; margin:0cm 0cm 8pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"text-justify:inter-ideograph\"><span style=\"line-height:normal\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><span style=\"color:black\">In conclusion, as a biomedical researcher, it is important to use statistical terms carefully and accurately. By doing so, you will ensure that your data are accurately interpreted and your findings are reliable.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom:0cm; margin:0cm 0cm 8pt\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom:0cm; margin:0cm 0cm 8pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:normal\"><span style=\"font-family:Calibri,sans-serif\"><i><span style=\"color:black\">Looking for expert advice in reporting your statistical analysis? Editage&#8217;s <\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/www.editage.com\/services\/publishing-services-packs\/statistical-analysis?utm_source=editageinsights&amp;utm_medium=article&amp;utm_campaign=editage-insights-site-5-stats-terms--row\" style=\"color:#0563c1; text-decoration:underline\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><i>Statistical Analysis &amp; Review Service<\/i><\/a><i><span style=\"color:black\"> can assist you in each stage of your research and publication journey. <\/span><\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom:0cm; margin:0cm 0cm 8pt\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0cm 0cm 8pt\">\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>As a biomedical researcher, it is crucial to use statistical terms carefully to avoid misinterpretation of data. In this blog post, we will discuss five terms that researchers need to use with caution, to ensure that readers accurately understand their findings and are not misled. 1. Normal The term &#8220;normal&#8221; in statistics refers to a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":33313,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2420,2417],"tags":[2622,1319,2778,366],"new_categories":[],"new_tags":[],"series":[],"class_list":["post-4150","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-data-analysis","category-planning-to-write","tag-analysisofdata","tag-statistical-analysis","tag-statistical-analysis-and-review","tag-statistical-reporting"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>5 Statistical Terms that Biomedical Researchers Need to Use Carefully | Editage Insights<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"As a biomedical researcher, it is crucial to use statistical terms carefully to avoid misinterpretation of data. 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