
{"id":4487,"date":"2023-12-25T10:12:11","date_gmt":"2023-12-25T10:12:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.editage.com\/insights\/looking-back-at-shifts-in-2023s-academic-landscape\/"},"modified":"2024-07-31T06:51:33","modified_gmt":"2024-07-31T06:51:33","slug":"looking-back-at-shifts-in-2023s-academic-landscape","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.editage.com\/insights\/looking-back-at-shifts-in-2023s-academic-landscape","title":{"rendered":"Looking back at shifts in 2023\u2019s academic landscape"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"MsoTitle\" style=\"margin:0cm\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\">At the end of a three-year-long pandemic, 2023 looked like a promising year offering opportunities for economic recovery, renewed international travel, and critical innovations. Despite setbacks, scandals, and drama, 2023 delivered on its expectation of being a fascinating and productive year for the world\u2019s research and academic communities.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h1 style=\"margin:12pt 0cm 0cm\"><span style=\"font-size:16pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\"><span style=\"color:#262626\"><span style=\"font-weight:normal\">The AI revolution goes mainstream<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n<p style=\"margin:0cm 0cm 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\">Artificial intelligence (AI) has been a buzzword for some time, but 2023 may be remembered as the year when AI tools became popularized and accessible. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0cm 0cm 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\">Microsoft has invested heavily in ChatGPT\u2019s OpenAI and included an increasing array of AI-based services within their products, including the Edge browser and even <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.windows.com\/windowsdeveloper\/2023\/05\/23\/bringing-the-power-of-ai-to-windows-11-unlocking-a-new-era-of-productivity-for-customers-and-developers-with-windows-copilot-and-dev-home\/\" style=\"color:#5f5f5f; text-decoration:underline\">Windows itself<\/a>. OpenAI has also <a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/technology\/sam-altmans-ouster-openai-was-precipitated-by-letter-board-about-ai-breakthrough-2023-11-22\/\" style=\"color:#5f5f5f; text-decoration:underline\">hushed speculation on Q*<\/a>, its research project into artificial general intelligence (AGI)\u2014essentially computer systems that can understand, learn, and apply knowledge in the way a human can. While Q* is not likely to be an AGI, realizing a \u201ctrue\u201d AGI could be a \u201csingularity\u201d moment for scientific progress.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0cm 0cm 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/d41586-023-03144-w\" style=\"color:#5f5f5f; text-decoration:underline\">In academic writing and publishing<\/a>, AI technologies are aiding many tasks, including data processing, text editing, and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.chronicle.com\/article\/were-all-using-it-publishing-decisions-are-increasingly-aided-by-ai-thats-not-always-obvious\" style=\"color:#5f5f5f; text-decoration:underline\">even editorial decisions<\/a>. While AI has been widely embraced, pitfalls remain. How to ensure that AI tools do not facilitate plagiarism or data fabrications <a href=\"https:\/\/www.timeshighereducation.com\/campus\/artificial-intelligence-and-academic-integrity-striking-balance\" style=\"color:#5f5f5f; text-decoration:underline\">remains under debate<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h1 style=\"margin:12pt 0cm 0cm\"><span style=\"font-size:16pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\"><span style=\"color:#262626\"><span style=\"font-weight:normal\">Chinese research goes from strength to strength<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n<p style=\"margin:0cm 0cm 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\">The United States has long been the world leader in scientific research across many metrics, and it remains a destination for many of the world\u2019s best and brightest. However, China is beginning to show increasing prominence, and it is now on top <a href=\"https:\/\/clarivate.com\/news\/clarivate-report-reveals-china-challenging-u-s-research-dominance-signaling-future-research-ambitions\/\" style=\"color:#5f5f5f; text-decoration:underline\">in terms of many publishing and citation metrics<\/a>. Furthermore, China\u2019s basic research progress appears to be translating to applications. This year, China\u2019s C919 passenger aircraft\u00a0 entered commercial service and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/327414d2-fe13-438e-9767-333cdb94c7e1\" style=\"color:#5f5f5f; text-decoration:underline\">SMIC is marketing sanctions-beating chips<\/a> with a modified 7\u00a0nm process. However, increasingly <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scientificamerican.com\/article\/broken-u-s-china-science-cooperation-needs-repair-not-persecution\/\" style=\"color:#5f5f5f; text-decoration:underline\">ambivalent foreign policy with the United States<\/a>, tense cross-strait relations, and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/business-66840367\" style=\"color:#5f5f5f; text-decoration:underline\">various socioeconomic woes<\/a> may dampen China\u2019s long-term growth. The coming year will be another crucial juncture for China\u2019s nascent status as a global challenger.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h1 style=\"margin:12pt 0cm 0cm\"><span style=\"font-size:16pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\"><span style=\"color:#262626\"><span style=\"font-weight:normal\">China isn\u2019t alone<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n<p style=\"margin:0cm 0cm 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\">China&#8217;s rise has been well charted, but there have been other heartening signs of progress across the Global South.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0cm 0cm 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/d41586-023-03907-5\" style=\"color:#5f5f5f; text-decoration:underline\">India\u2019s research expenditures<\/a> may be behind those of China, but the nation has also grown impressively in terms of research output and technical expertise, while also <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/news-events\/fda-voices\/indias-unique-opportunity-and-important-responsibility-pharmacy-world\" style=\"color:#5f5f5f; text-decoration:underline\">solidifying its position as \u201cThe World\u2019s Pharmacy.<\/a>\u201d Likewise, other populous nations of the Global South such as Indonesia are showing <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/connect\/global-south-nations-are-making-gains-on-the-research-playing-field\" style=\"color:#5f5f5f; text-decoration:underline\">impressive growth in research outputs compared to the North<\/a>, showing that efforts to create more equitable research may be paying off.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0cm 0cm 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\">Meanwhile in the North, Japan remains a world leader in science and technology, but falling currency values and a declining workforce may threaten Japan\u2019s continued prominence, as evidence by their <a href=\"https:\/\/www.asahi.com\/ajw\/articles\/14977820\" style=\"color:#5f5f5f; text-decoration:underline\">recent slide down research impact rankings<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h1 style=\"margin:12pt 0cm 0cm\"><span style=\"font-size:16pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\"><span style=\"color:#262626\"><span style=\"font-weight:normal\">A superconductor claim faces resistance<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n<p style=\"margin:0cm 0cm 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\">In July and August, the Internet was abuzz with talk of LK-99, a crystalline material with claimed room temperature superconductivity.<a href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2307.12008\" style=\"color:#5f5f5f; text-decoration:underline\"> The preprint by a South Korean research team<\/a> described a copper-doped synthetic mineral that showed zero resistance at room temperatures. If proven true, the material could be a monumental human scientific achievement.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0cm 0cm 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\">The claim was met with a mixture of anticipation and skepticism. Recent attempts to verify have failed to show the claimed properties, with <a href=\"https:\/\/en.yna.co.kr\/view\/AEN20231213003200320\" style=\"color:#5f5f5f; text-decoration:underline\">one association from South Korea concluding<\/a> the claims are implausible. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h1 style=\"margin:12pt 0cm 0cm\"><span style=\"font-size:16pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\"><span style=\"color:#262626\"><span style=\"font-weight:normal\">Open access opening up further<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n<p style=\"margin:0cm 0cm 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\">Open access (OA) is here to stay. Beyond its organic growth, OA mandates are becoming more commonplace, with more universities and governmental funding institutions like <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ukri.org\/news\/ukri-updates-guidance-for-open-access-policy\/\" style=\"color:#5f5f5f; text-decoration:underline\">UK Research and Innovation<\/a> announcing or expanding OA mandates. Some major <a href=\"https:\/\/about.jstor.org\/path-to-open\/\" style=\"color:#5f5f5f; text-decoration:underline\">portals like JSTOR have also announced<\/a> OA initiatives. Finally, there have been more discussions about <a href=\"https:\/\/www.editage.com\/insights\/the-evolution-and-implications-of-equitable-open-access-a-perspective-from-the-global-south\" style=\"color:#5f5f5f; text-decoration:underline\">ensuring equity in OA<\/a> now that the \u201cresearcher pays\u201d model is gaining greater ground.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h1 style=\"margin:12pt 0cm 0cm\"><span style=\"font-size:16pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\"><span style=\"color:#262626\"><span style=\"font-weight:normal\">Human genome projects more complete and personal than ever<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n<p style=\"margin:0cm 0cm 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41587-023-01662-6\" style=\"color:#5f5f5f; text-decoration:underline\">Verkko<\/a>, a software pipeline that can be used to establish a truly complete human genome, was released in 2022 and used this year to publish a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41586-023-06457-y\" style=\"color:#5f5f5f; text-decoration:underline\">draft complete Y-chromosome genome<\/a>, which included the discovery of 41 additional genes. Furthermore, a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41586-023-05896-x\" style=\"color:#5f5f5f; text-decoration:underline\">draft human pangenome<\/a> was published, which covers over 99% of expected gene variation across all human genomes. Finally, the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ukbiobank.ac.uk\/learn-more-about-uk-biobank\/news\/world-s-largest-genetic-project-opens-the-door-to-new-era-for-treatments-and-cures-uk-biobank-s-major-milestone\" style=\"color:#5f5f5f; text-decoration:underline\">UK Biobank dataset has been published<\/a>, which presents whole-genome sequences and clinical information from over 500,000 participants. Together with many more studies on transcriptomics and epigenomics, 2023 has been a great year for the development of personalized medicine.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h1 style=\"margin:12pt 0cm 0cm\"><span style=\"font-size:16pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\"><span style=\"color:#262626\"><span style=\"font-weight:normal\">Computer modeling of complex brains becoming a reality<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n<p style=\"margin:0cm 0cm 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\">Researchers from the University of Cambridge and Johns Hopkins University have created a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nih.gov\/news-events\/nih-research-matters\/complete-wiring-map-insect-brain\" style=\"color:#5f5f5f; text-decoration:underline\">complete synapse-level map of a fruit fly (<i>Drosophila<\/i>) larval brain<\/a>. Some features of the connectivity even resemble state-of-the-art machine learning algorithms. Meanwhile, researchers have realized ever-greater understanding of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/immersive\/d42859-023-00069-2\/index.html\" style=\"color:#5f5f5f; text-decoration:underline\">transcriptomic and epigenomic mechanisms of mammalian brains<\/a> to the single-cell level. Completing complex brain maps holds promise to improve artificial intelligence and even potentially realize synapse-level maps of the human brain, with countless applications.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h1 style=\"margin:12pt 0cm 0cm\"><span style=\"font-size:16pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\"><span style=\"color:#262626\"><span style=\"font-weight:normal\">Research integrity in the spotlight<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n<p style=\"margin:0cm 0cm 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\">Research relies on trust. With increasing public scrutiny, it\u2019s more important than ever for researchers to report accurate and reliable findings. Unfortunately, the research world has recently been rattled by incidents of misconduct, both by researchers and publishers.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0cm 0cm 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\">In 2023, neuroscientist <a href=\"https:\/\/www.science.org\/content\/article\/stanford-president-to-step-down-despite-probe-exonerating-him-of-research-misconduct\" style=\"color:#5f5f5f; text-decoration:underline\">Marc Tessier-Lavigne stepped down<\/a> as the President of Stanford University following a high-profile fabrication scandal, despite inconclusive findings. Increasingly, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.editage.com\/insights\/fighting-scientific-fraud-elisabeth-bik-on-her-experiences-as-a-scientific-integrity-consultant\" style=\"color:#5f5f5f; text-decoration:underline\">detecting image manipulation<\/a> is providing many clues that lead researchers to discover hidden misconduct.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0cm 0cm 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\">Likewise, unethical publishing remains one of the hottest topics in research policy, recently being <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/32440f74-7804-4637-a662-6cdc8f3fba86\" style=\"color:#5f5f5f; text-decoration:underline\">highlighted by mainstream publications<\/a>. On a more positive note, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.stm-assoc.org\/stm-integrity-hub\/\" style=\"color:#5f5f5f; text-decoration:underline\">efforts to combat academic paper mills and predatory publishers<\/a> are gaining more prominence.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h1 style=\"margin:12pt 0cm 0cm\"><span style=\"font-size:16pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\"><span style=\"color:#262626\"><span style=\"font-weight:normal\">2024 and beyond<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n<p style=\"margin:0cm 0cm 10pt\"><span style=\"font-size:11pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:Georgia,serif\">Nobody has a crystal ball, but AI and its applications will probably remain a hot topic. Likewise, there are no signs of slowdown in research. However, just as we saw with the pandemic and ongoing crises in Ukraine or Gaza, major upheavals can occur any time and <a href=\"https:\/\/cepr.org\/voxeu\/columns\/impact-war-ukraine-science-and-universities\" style=\"color:#5f5f5f; text-decoration:underline\">impact research<\/a>. How we respond to future geopolitical, climate, and economic crises is vital to ensuring research and academia stay healthy.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>At the end of a three-year-long pandemic, 2023 looked like a promising year offering opportunities for economic recovery, renewed international travel, and critical innovations. Despite setbacks, scandals, and drama, 2023 delivered on its expectation of being a fascinating and productive year for the world\u2019s research and academic communities. The AI revolution goes mainstream Artificial intelligence [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2681,"featured_media":33313,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2382,2408],"tags":[2546,2644,2503],"new_categories":[],"new_tags":[],"series":[],"class_list":["post-4487","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-around-the-web","category-industry-news","tag-global-trends","tag-industry-updates","tag-scholarly-publishing-trends"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Looking back at shifts in 2023\u2019s academic landscape | Editage Insights<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Despite setbacks, scandals, and drama, 2023 delivered on its expectation of being a fascinating and productive year for the world\u2019s research and academic communities. 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