{"id":38074,"date":"2025-09-19T13:00:22","date_gmt":"2025-09-19T07:30:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.editage.com\/insights\/?post_type=video&p=38074"},"modified":"2025-09-18T15:15:17","modified_gmt":"2025-09-18T09:45:17","slug":"the-future-of-peer-review-is-ai-plus-human","status":"publish","type":"video","link":"https:\/\/www.editage.com\/insights\/the-future-of-peer-review-is-ai-plus-human","title":{"rendered":"The Future of Peer Review is AI Plus Human with Gareth Dyke"},"content":{"rendered":"

If you are still resisting the use of AI for scholarly publishing, know that you\u2019re not alone. Many scientists are unsure of how AI is impacting the research community and do not feel comfortable using AI-powered tools. But <\/span>Gareth Dyke<\/span><\/b> (Academic Director, Reviewer Credits)<\/span><\/b> is all for AI being incorporated in academia\u2014ethically of course! Watch this video to discover how peer review can be reshaped by authors, editors, and journal publishers in the AI era.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Q:<\/span><\/b> Where do you see the greatest potential for AI to support peer reviewers today?<\/span><\/b>
\nA: <\/span><\/b>Okay, so I see that AI has\u202fhuge potential both to support peer reviewers\u202fand editors at journals, books, and publishing\u202fcompanies. So, in particular, AI can be used to\u202fquickly evaluate manuscripts when they first come\u202fin to a journal workflow or when they\u2019re first\u202fprovided to peer reviewers for an evaluation, for\u202fexample. Is this work good? What\u2019s the standard\u202flike? What\u2019s the level of\u202fparadigm shift, for example. What\u2019s the level\u202fof importance that this work has? So to give\u202feditors, journal editors, and peer reviewers an\u202foverview of the research article itself, perhaps\u202fa translation into their own native language,\u202fa summary of the article in Mandarin or in Hindi,\u202ffor example, so that experts from countries where\u202fEnglish is not the first language can quickly also\u202fgain an overview of a research article. And then\u202falso a number of other kinds of checks such as on\u202fstatistics, citations, spelling, the formatting of\u202fthe paper to give editors and peer reviewers like\u202fa head start into the peer review process. But, as\u202fwe\u2019ll talk about in a moment, I firmly believe\u202fthat the actual evaluation of the science of the\u202fresearch of the content within a research article\u202fshould be done by an expert human peer reviewer.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Q: What are the limits of AI when it comes to evaluating manuscripts? Can it handle nuance, ethics, or context?<\/span><\/b>
\n<\/span>A: <\/span><\/b>Well, I would say at the\u202fmoment, not really. I mean, with the tools that\u202fwe have available to us right now, it\u2019s very\u202fdifficult for us to gain a view of the context\u202fand the nuance of a research paper using AI.\u202fBut that\u2019s not to say that these approaches,\u202fthese tools won\u2019t become available in\u202fthe very near future. We already have\u202ftools that effectively do evaluate research in the\u202fcontext of other research articles in that field,\u202fin that vertical. So I would expect that at the\u202fmoment we can\u2019t give a view on nuance, on ethics particularly of a research article using AI apart from running a series of\u202fstandard checks. And there are tools that do that. For example, tools like Eliza, tools like\u202fXPier, tools like REVIEWER Three; just to name 3\u202fof the more than 12, 13, 14 AI-powered peer review\u202ftools that we currently have available to us as\u202fjournal editors and peer reviewers. But yeah, I would say that this nuance and the ethical, real, proper\u202fevaluation of the article can\u2019t\u202fyet at the moment be done using an AI tool. But\u202fthat\u2019s not to say that people aren\u2019t doing it. So\u202fbe careful as an editor. If you get peer reviews,\u202fthere\u2019s a good chance that they may have\u202fat least partially been generated using AI.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Q: Have you seen any real-world examples where AI tools helped\u2014or hurt\u2014the peer review process?<\/span><\/b>
\n<\/span>A: <\/span><\/b>Well, yeah. I mean, we\u2019re all aware of a\u202fnumber of recent examples where AI tools have hurt\u202fthe peer review process because these have been\u202freported. So tests, for example, where a\u202fseries of papers have been evaluated using AI\u202fversus human peer reviewers. And these tests have\u202fshown that really it\u2019s very difficult for\u202feditors to be able to determine if a paper was\u202fevaluated entirely using AI or whether a human\u202freviewer was involved in the process. So, I would\u202fsay that\u2019s an example of AI potentially hurting\u202fthe peer review process because at the moment, we just can\u2019t tell if a paper that we get at the\u202feditorial office was evaluated completely using\u202fAI.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

And of course, there are numerous examples\u202fof how AI has helped the peer review process. I\u2019m\u202fa huge advocate of the use of AI tools, ethically\u202fof course, we all are! But also AI tools leveling\u202fthe playing field for researchers for whom English\u202fis not their native language in particular. So I\u202fwould say there are lots of examples of\u202fhow AI has hurt the peer review process. Those get reported when we learn about them. But day-to-day\u202fresearchers doing peer review for journals,\u202ffor books are using AI tools to help them.\u202fAnd those situations don\u2019t really go\u202freported so much. But nevertheless, we\u2019re\u202fliving in a fantastic time for the use of\u202fAI tools.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Q:<\/span><\/b> Do you think disclosing the use of AI in peer review will become standard practice in the future? Why or why not?<\/span><\/b>
\nA:<\/span><\/b> Yes, I do. But this has to be carefully discussed across the publishing\u202findustry because AI in my opinion is just\u202fa tool, right? And we don\u2019t necessarily have\u202fto disclose all of the tools that we use as\u202fresearchers writing research articles. I use software to help me write papers. I use a\u202fcomputer, for example. These are also tools,\u202fbut I\u2019m not expected to disclose those when I\u2019m\u202fwriting a paper or performing a peer review. \u201cHey!\u202fI wish to disclose that I wrote this peer review\u202fusing a typewriter rather than a computer!\u201d It\u2019s just not expected. And that\u2019s the\u202fsituation that I\u202freally expect that\u202fwe\u2019re going to get to with the use of\u202fAI tools in our workflows as editors,\u202fas journal and book publishing academics, and\u202falso as researchers. So, at the moment,\u202fI think that the publishers are kind of\u202ffreaking out a little bit about this and worrying that they\u2019re going to publish\u202fcontent that contains AI-generated\u202ftext and images as well as peer review without\u202fbeing aware of that. But I do think\u202fthat we\u2019re going to get to a point, I hope, in the\u202fpublishing industry where everybody gets together\u202fand decides and discusses and agrees on a standard set of ethics and criteria.\u202fAnd which industry bodies do we have to oversee\u202fthat? Well, we don\u2019t really have an effective\u202findustry body to oversee that. So, it’s going to\u202fbe a really interesting couple of years.\u202f<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Want to know if your paper is ready for peer review? Get your manuscript evaluated by expert reviewers using our <\/span><\/i><\/b>Pre-Submission Peer Review Service<\/span><\/i><\/b><\/a>.<\/span><\/i><\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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