This guide walks through every major tense used in academic writing, explains the logic behind each choice, and maps those choices section by section through a typical research paper. Jump to Contents Why Verb Tense Read More
The implications section of your research paper is often where the real impact of your work becomes clear. While your results section tells readers what you found, implications explain why it matters. Many researchers struggle Read More
Key Takeaways Sample size determination is essential planning, not an afterthought Three factors drive sample size: effect size, power desired, and significance level. Optimize effect size when possible because it’s often more efficient than Read More
Jump to Contents Why Should You Report Limitations at All? Real Example: A Weight Loss Study What Exactly Counts as a Limitation? Common Types of Limitations in Biomedical Research Sample-Related Limitations Where Should You Put Read More
Jump to Contents What Is Research Design? What Does Research Design Include? The Core Elements Key Characteristics of a Good Research Design Three Main Approaches to Research Design: Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed Methods Qualitative Research Read More
In this article, you’ll learn What is count data? Count Data vs. Other Data Types Where is count data used in research? Related Statistical Concepts Glossary How to analyze count data? Chi-Square Test Fisher’Read More
One of the most common forms of hypothesis testing in biomedical research is whether two variables are related or not (i.e., whether the value of one variable changes as the other variable changes). Statisticians Read More
Jump to Contents What are research ethics? Why are research ethics important? Where can I find research ethics guidelines? What are common ethical issues in research? What are the consequences of unethical research? Informed Read More
Biomedical research is often conducted to make important decisions about health care, treatments, and public health. Therefore, the statistical analysis of biomedical research data needs to be accurate and rigorous to ensure that the conclusions Read More
A rationale answers one question: Why does this study need to exist? It is not a literature review nor an introduction. It is a focused argument that justifies your research by showing a gap, a Read More
