Q: What does "peer review" mean?

Peer review is the evaluation of scientific, academic, or professional work by others working in the same field. Scholarly peer review (also known as refereeing) is the process used by scholarly journals to make sure that the articles they publish meet the accepted standards of their discipline. It is an expert advice system that helps journal editors decide whether a manuscript is worthy of publication. Manuscripts being considered for publication are sent to experts in the same field. They evaluate the manuscript in terms of the quality of scholarship, novelty of research, reliability of the results, relevance to the field, suitability for the journal, etc. Thus, peer review refers to the evaluation and assessment of research by experts in a particular field of study. Peer review is used by most journals as part of their manuscript screening process. You can read this article to learn more about peer review.